How Extreme Weather Events Affect Sinus Health

November 21, 2024

An increase in the frequency of extreme weather events can have a noticeable impact on sinus health. The culprit? Changes in air quality.

“The sinuses are at particular risk for complications from extreme weather events, because they filter the air we breathe” says University Hospitals ear, nose and throat specialist, Sanjeet Rangarajan, MD. He shares more about how environmental changes can affect air quality and sinus health.

More Wildfires

More frequent and severe wildfires release more particulate matter into the air. “These particles find their way into our nose and sinuses and create the inflammatory conditions that can lead to sinusitis,” says Dr. Rangarajan.

More Severe Weather Events

More frequent and severe weather events have increased rainfall and flooding. Humid conditions increase airborne mold molecules, which aggravates sinus symptoms in people who are sensitive to mold.

Shifting Seasons

The timing and length of the seasons is changing. Warmer average temperatures and longer seasons means plants are creating more pollen for a longer period of time. For people who are sensitive or allergic to pollen, it can worsen or prolong sinus symptoms.

Higher Ground Level Ozone

Increased temperatures around the world have been linked to an increase in ground level ozone, an environmental gas that has been shown to increase the incidence and severity of sinus disease.

Common Symptoms of Sinus Problems

People with sinus issues may experience:

Nasal congestion
Runny nose
Headache
Diminished sense of taste or smell
Postnasal drip
Fatigue

Chronic sinusitis often has symptoms that overlap with upper respiratory infections, allergies and other conditions like asthma. All of these conditions will typically get worse if the air quality drops.

Easy Ways to Promote Sinus Health at Home

There are several simple things you can do at home to help prevent sinus problems and manage symptoms, including:

Drink plenty of fluids. Drinking lots of water helps to keep mucus thin and draining efficiently, which can help prevent sinus infections.
Avoid or limit alcohol and caffeine. Both can be dehydrating and cause sinus issues.
Use a humidifier. Adding moisture to the air (especially in your bedroom) can help prevent nasal passages from drying out.
Rinse your sinuses. Use over-the-counter saline nasal spray as directed to help clear out dust and allergens from the nasal passages.
Avoid smoke and other air pollutants. In addition to being unhealthy in general, inhaling smoke and other contaminants can dry out the sinus linings. If unavoidable, wearing a mask can help.

When to See a Doctor

“If sinus symptoms become chronic or lead to missed school or work, it’s time to see an otolaryngologist or rhinologist who can develop a personalized treatment plan that works for you,” says Dr. Rangarajan.