Orthopedic Expertise for the Treatment of Hallux Rigidus

Risk Factors for Hallux Rigidus

The cause of hallux rigidus is unknown, but there are several risk factors, including:

• An unusually long or elevated first metatarsal bone which connects the ankle to the big toe.
• Prior injury to the big toe.
• Family history of hallux rigidus.

These risk factors can result in excessive wear and tear of the big toe joint, leading to arthritis.

Symptoms of Big Toe Arthritis

The symptoms of hallux rigidus usually appear in adults between the ages of 30 and 60 and may include:

• Difficulty walking.
• Pain in the big toe, even at rest.
• Increased difficulty in bending/moving the big toe.
• Difficulty finding shoes that feel comfortable.

As the condition progresses, the big toe joint may become immovable, causing instability when standing or walking and a limping gait.

Diagnosis & Treatment of Big Toe Arthritis

A foot and ankle specialist can diagnose hallux rigidus by examining the foot and testing the toe joint’s range of motion. You will be asked to describe your symptoms. In some cases, an X-ray will be done to confirm the diagnosis.

If the big toe joint is confirmed to be arthritic, most people can manage symptoms with conservative treatment and certain lifestyle modifications, including:

• Over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Anti-inflammatory medicines.
• Ice or heat packs.
• Custom shoe inserts (orthotics).
• Exercises to help strengthen the muscles in the foot.

If symptoms are severe or interfere with daily activities, a minimally invasive surgical procedure may be recommended.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Hallux Rigidus

The procedure removes the arthritic cartilage and any bone spurs that may have formed through a tiny incision. The surgeon repositions the joint to reduce pain.

Full recovery from the surgery takes 4 to 6 weeks, with a medical boot or hard-toe shoes to protect the big toe joint. Physical therapy may be recommended in some cases.