Thyroid Disease Medication & Surgical Solutions to Manage Thyroid Disease

The University Hospitals Division of Clinical & Molecular Endocrinology offers a wide range of thyroid treatment options including medication and thyroid surgery.

A butterfly-shaped gland at the front of the neck, the thyroid gland regulates numerous metabolic processes throughout the body. Located below the Adam's apple and wrapped around the windpipe, the thyroid uses iodine to produce vital hormones. When thyroid gland hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces a hormone that causes the pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone. Because the thyroid gland is controlled by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, disorders can disrupt normal function and cause thyroid problems.

These problems can result in a variety of conditions including hypothyroidism (under-active thyroid), hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), goiters, thyroid nodules, and even thyroid cancer.

Thyroid medication can replace the missing hormone in hypothyroidism. If this doesn't work ablation can be performed. Ablation involves radioactive iodine that selectively destroy the thyroid tissue. Our team of thyroid experts at University Hospitals will work with you to devise a care plan best suited to your unique needs.

For larger goiters, nodules or thyroid cancer, thyroid gland surgery is a treatment option. If the entire thyroid gland is removed, the patient will need to take a synthetic thyroid hormone for the rest of their life. Your care team can help you determine the best course of action.

Generally speaking, most thyroid disorders are managed with medical treatment and are not life threatening. However, some conditions may require surgery. Meanwhile, the outlook for most people with thyroid cancer is very good.