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A stem cell is a "generic" cell that can make exact copies of itself indefinitely. In addition, a stem cell has the ability to produce specialized cells for various tissues in the body -- such as heart muscle, brain tissue, and liver tissue. Scientists are able to maintain stem cells forever, developing them into specialized cells as needed.There are two basic types:Embryonic stem cells - these are obtained from either aborted fetuses or fertilized eggs that are left over from in vitro fertilization (IVF). They are useful for medical and research purposes because they can produce cells for almost every tissue in the body.Adult stem cells - these are not as versatile for research purposes because they are specific to certain cell types, such as blood, intestines, skin, and muscle. The term "adult stem cell" may be misleading because both children and adults have them.
Review Date:
7/25/2007
A primary brain tumor is a group (mass) of abnormal cells that start in the brain. This article focuses on primary brain tumors in adults.See also:Brain tumor - metastatic (cancer that has spread to the brain)Brain tumor - children
Review Date:
10/31/2006
Hemorrhagic stroke involves bleeding within the brain, which damages nearby brain tissue. See also:Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhageIntracerebral hemorrhage
Review Date:
9/10/2006
A primary brain tumor is a group (mass) of abnormal cells that start in the brain. This article focuses on primary brain tumors in children.See also:Brain tumor - metastatic (cancer that has spread to the brain)Brain tumor - adults
Review Date:
10/31/2006
A metastatic brain tumor is brain cancer that has spread from another part of the body.
Review Date:
9/11/2006
A brain abscess is a mass of immune cells, pus, and other material due to a bacterial or fungal infection.
Review Date:
10/16/2006
A brain herniation is the displacement of brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood vessels outside the compartments in the head that they normally occupy. A herniation can occur through a natural opening at the base of the skull (called the foramen occipitalis) or through surgical openings created by a craniotomy procedure.Herniation can also occur between compartments inside the skull, such as those separated by a rigid membrane called the "tentorium".
Review Date:
7/14/2006
Hydrocephalus is a build up of fluid inside the skull, leading to brain swelling. Hydrocephalus means "water on the brain."
Review Date:
10/11/2007
An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test to detect problems in the electrical activity of the brain.
Review Date:
9/25/2006
A head injury is any trauma that leads to injury of the scalp, skull, or brain. The injuries can range from a minor bump on the skull to serious brain injury.Head injury is classified as either closed or open (penetrating).A closed head injury means you received a hard blow to the head from striking an object.An open, or penetrating, head injury means you were hit with an object that broke the skull and entered the brain. This usually happens when you move at high speed, such as going through the windshield during a car accident. It can also happen from a gunshot to the head.There are several types of brain injuries. Two common types of head injuries are:Concussion, the most common type of traumatic brain injuryContusion, which is a bruise on the brainSee also:Subarachnoid hemorrhageSubdural hematoma
Review Date:
1/8/2007
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